Antibacterial Activity of Carotenoid Pigments Produced by Heterotrophic Bacteria from Seawater in Krakal Coastal Area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

Investigating natural pigments resulting from marine bacterial secondary metabolites is important because of their broad benefits in the food, pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and textile industries. In this study, 52 isolates pigmented bacteria were isolated seawater Krakal coastal area, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Seven showed high pigment stability. Profiling extracts using a mixture acetone methanol with UV–Vis spectrophotometric reading that compounds produced carotenoids. The highest total carotenoid content at 480 nm was by Kral-3 isolate (1800 mg/g), followed Kral-15 (1698.9 mg/g) Kral-25 (797.2 isolates. Analysis antibacterial activity Kral-3, Kral-15, agar well diffusion method revealed very strong inhibition score against Escherichia coli. addition, extract Staphylococcus aureus, whereas moderate scores. Based on 16S rRNA gene analysis, identified as Kocuria rhizophilla, Calidifontibacter sp., Rhodococcus ruber, respectively. findings, novel strains are potential bioresource for commercial production